Comment on the relationship between Begum Jaan and Rabbu in “Lihaaf”
In “Lihaaf” (The Quilt) by Ismat Chughtai, the relationship between Begum Jaan and Rabbu is central to the narrative and serves as a lens through which Chughtai explores themes of loneliness, repression, and forbidden desires within the confines of a conservative society. Their relationship is complex and can be analyzed from various angles:
1. Companionship and Loneliness:
• Emotional Dependence: Begum Jaan, married to a Nawab who neglects her in favor of his own interests, finds herself isolated and emotionally starved. Rabbu, her maidservant, becomes her constant companion and source of emotional support. This companionship provides Begum Jaan with solace and a semblance of affection in a household where she is otherwise ignored.
• Loneliness: Begum Jaan’s relationship with Rabbu highlights her profound loneliness. The Nawab’s neglect leaves her in a state of despair, and Rabbu’s presence alleviates some of that solitude. This dependence on Rabbu underscores the emotional void in Begum Jaan’s life.
2. Sexual Repression and Fulfillment:
• Repressed Desires: The story subtly suggests that Begum Jaan’s relationship with Rabbu is not merely one of companionship but also of physical intimacy. Chughtai uses the metaphor of the quilt and the shadows cast by the lamp to hint at their sexual relationship, addressing the theme of repressed and forbidden desires.
• Fulfillment of Needs: Rabbu fulfills Begum Jaan’s needs in ways that her husband does not. This relationship allows Begum Jaan to experience some form of sexual and emotional fulfillment, albeit in a socially unconventional and clandestine manner.
3. Power Dynamics and Dependency:
• Ambiguous Power Dynamics: While Rabbu is technically a servant, her intimate relationship with Begum Jaan places her in a position of unique influence and power. The traditional power hierarchy between mistress and maid is blurred, making their relationship complex and multifaceted.
• Mutual Dependency: There is a mutual dependency between Begum Jaan and Rabbu. Begum Jaan relies on Rabbu for emotional and physical intimacy, while Rabbu’s status and security in the household are tied to her role as Begum Jaan’s confidante and companion.
4. Social and Cultural Context:
• Taboo and Secrecy: The story is set in a conservative society where same-sex relationships are taboo. The relationship between Begum Jaan and Rabbu is shrouded in secrecy, with the narrator (a young girl) only piecing together their bond through overheard conversations and observed behaviors. This secrecy reflects the societal repression of female sexuality and non-normative relationships.
• Critique of Patriarchy: Chughtai critiques the patriarchal society that confines women to roles that deny them emotional and sexual fulfillment. Begum Jaan’s relationship with Rabbu can be seen as a form of resistance against the oppressive structures that isolate her.